Birders around the world have contributed more than 65 million photos to our Macaulay Library archive. Here are some of the best from the past year.
From the Winter 2025 issue of Living Bird magazine. Subscribe now. If you like this photo essay, you’ll also enjoy last year’s Best of Macaulay essay.
For our 2025 photo essay we’re celebrating wonderful photos in five themes: the lush, flower-filled habitats of birds in Birdlife in Full Bloom; fun companion shots in Double Vision; the rainbow of birds in Colors of the Bird World; cuteness, vulnerability, and the bonds of family in The Next Generation; wet and wild times in Making a Splash; and an exclusive meet-and-greet with some of the world’s least-seen birds in Rarities. In the final section, we say thank you to all the photographers who make the Macaulay Library archive such a uniquely rich resource.
Birdlife in Full Bloom
The Macaulay Library archive doesn’t just feature birds; many photos capture birds within the context of habitat. When photographers frame birds within colorful flowers, it’s often a chance to record behaviors, too—whether a Ruby-throated Hummingbird sipping from a sage plant, a Fiji Parrotfinch nibbling at blossoms in search of nectar, or a Silvereye melting into a bed of golden wattles, Australia’s national flower.
Bushtit in Canada. Photo by Rain Saulnier / Macaulay Library.Hudsonian Godwit in Alaska, Photo by Wentao Yang / Macaulay Library.Ruby-throated Hummingbird in Michigan. Photo by Beau Cotter / Macaulay Library.Tui in New Zealand by Caiden B / Macaulay Library.Fiji Parrotfinch in Fiji. Photo by Jodhan Fine / Macaulay Library.Silvereye in Australia. Photo by Eric Yeo / Macaulay Library.Pied Kingfishers in Egypt. Photo by Mansour Elkerdany / Macaulay Library.
Double Vision
The vast majority of Macaulay Library photos feature a single bird, but many feature two subjects—such as a pair of Pied Kingfishers in a moment of courtship along the Nile River, or sometimes even a bird and an insect (in this case, a moth alighting atop the head of a Peruvian Racket-tail hummingbird).
Feral Rock Pigeons in Canada. Photo by David Turgeon / Macaulay Library.Florida Scrub-Jays in Florida. Photo by Matt Zuro / Macaulay Library.Brolgas in Australia. Photo by Martin Anderson / Macaulay Library.Peruvian Racket-tail (with butterfly on head) in Ecuador. Photo by Daysy Vera Castro / Macaulay Library.Eurasian Blue Tits in Switzerland. Photo by Jonas Traber / Macaulay Library.Australasian Gannets in New Zealand. Photo by Eamon Riordan-Short / Macaulay Library.Cedar Waxwings in New Jersey. Photo by Deborah Bifulco / Macaulay Library.Northern Royal Albatross in New Zealand. Photo by Oscar Thomas / Macaulay Library.
Colors of the Bird World
Photos in the Macaulay Library archive run across the color spectrum of birds and their habitats, from pink to green to brown to blue, and beyond. The dominant hues in tens of millions of Macaulay Library photos help train the Merlin Bird ID app to identify bird species using people’s perceptions of color. Thousands of generous photographers have empowered Merlin to serve as a global resource to connect people with birds.
Short-eared Owl in Canada. Photo by Rakesh Baro / Macaulay Library.Harris’s Sparrows in Minnesota. Photo by Kyle Nelson / Macaulay Library.A flock of aptly named Flock Bronzewings in Australia. Photo by Jason Vassallo / Macaulay Library.James’s Flamingo in Argentina. Photo by Marco Fidalgo / Macaulay Library.Gray-crowned Rosy-Finch in Wisconsin. Photo by Matt Boley / Macaulay Library.Asian Houbara in the United Arab Emirates. Photo by Ivan Sjögren / Macaulay Library.Bohemian Waxwing in Poland. Photo by Lukasz Haluch / Macaulay Library.Swinhoe’s White-eye in Taiwan. Photo by Ting-Wei Hung/ Macaulay Library.Glittering-bellied Emerald in Brazil. Photo by Marky Mutchler / Macaulay Library.Brown-hooded Parrot in Costa Rica. Photo by Jean Bonilla / Macaulay Library.Glossy Black-Cockatoo in Australia. Photo by JJ Harrison / Macaulay Library.Glossy Ibis in India. Photo by Anonymous / Macaulay Library.Clark’s Nutcracker in Canada. Photo by Daniel Gornall / Macaulay Library.Blue Duck in New Zealand. Photo by Max Chalfin-Jacobs / Macaulay Library.Buller’s Albatross in New Zealand. Photo by Brendan Tucker / Macaulay Library.Southern Fulmar (with royal albatrosses and Pintado Petrels) in New Zealand. Photo by Oscar Thomas / Macaulay Library.Southern Cassowary in Australia. Photo by Paul Kessler / Macaulay Library.Buff-banded Rail and chicks in New Zealand. Photo by David Southall / Macaulay Library.
The Next Generation
The Macaulay Library is full of images that feature bird families, parents and their young. Sometimes photos are contributed by scientists who take a pause from fieldwork to capture a stunning moment, as the intimate glimpse of a female whip-poor-will and its three-day-old chick uploaded by a University of Rhode Island master’s student.
Eurasian Coot in India. Photo by Kalyan Gantait / Macaulay Library.New Zealand Grebe in New Zealand. Photo by Oscar Thomas / Macaulay Library.Green Heron in Costa Rica. Photo by Kayann Cassidy / Macaulay Library.Piping Plover in Illinois. Photo by Max Kelly / Macaulay Library.Hooded Merganser in Minnesota. Photo by Steve Furcich / Macaulay Library.Eastern Whip-poor-will in Rhode Island. Photo by Megan Gray / Macaulay Library.A Brown Booby makes a rare appearance in Indiana. Photo by Ryan Sanderson / Macaulay Library.
Making A Splash
Birds flock to water in search of food and safety, while photographers flock to water for the birds it draws in, and the surprising ways water can bring still photographs to life. A photo of a vagrant Brown Booby in Indiana is all the more valuable to the Macaulay Library when it records an interesting behavior, such as a dog-like head shake following a dive.
Roseate Spoonbill in Florida. Photo by Anne Inga / Macaulay Library.Red-necked Grebe in Canada. Photo by Jeff Dyck / Macaulay Library.Flying Steamer-Duck in Argentina. Photo by Dubi Shapiro / Macaulay Library.Black Oystercatcher in California. Photo by Van Pierszalowski / Macaulay Library.Snowy Egret in California. Photo by Barbara Swanson / Macaulay Library.Bar-tailed Godwit in Australia. Photo by Ian Mo / Macaulay Library.A Taliabu Bush Warbler in the northern Maluku Islands, Indonesia. This is one of only eight images of this species in the Macaulay Library archive. Photo by James Eaton / Macaulay Library.
Rarities
The Macaulay Library contains photos of more than 10,000 bird species, yet photographers are continually adding new-to-the-archive species—such as an image of a rarely photographed bush warbler from the remote Indonesian island of Taliabu, and a recently rediscovered sabrewing species in Colombia’s Santa Marta mountains.
The Tachira Antpitta was a “lost species” for many years until recently rediscovered in southern Táchira, Venezuela. Photo by David Ascanio / Macaulay Library.The Santa Marta Sabrewing is a rare hummingbird that lives only in a small mountainous area in the north of Colombia. Photo by Elquin Toro / Macaulay Library.The Massau Triller lives on the small island of Massau in Papua New Guinea, a biodiversity hotspot with pristine primeval rainforest. The triller depends on undisturbed forest and is vulnerable to extensive logging operations on the island. Photo by Jonathan Bergmark / Macaulay Library.Snow Bunting in Alaska. Photo by Miles Brengle / Macaulay Library.
Thank You
A global resource, the Macaulay Library’s collection of natural history media is made possible thanks to the dedication, passion, and generosity of birders around the world. Every photo, video, and audio recording you share deepens our understanding of birds, their behavior, and conservation needs. Your work not only documents the beauty of birds and wildlife, it also serves as an invaluable resource for scientists, educators, and nature enthusiasts around the world. This year’s “Best of Macaulay Library” collection is a celebration of your commitment to capturing the magic of the natural world and sharing it with others.
In 2024, your contributions helped to train a new Merlin Bird ID photo identification model—a feature that helps millions of people around the world identify birds in photos. Media from the archive were used in several scientific studies, from new plumage descriptions, to range revisions, to taxonomic splits. This library, and its growth to over 67 million photos and nearly 2.5 million audio recordings, continues to provide endless inspiration and awe for nature lovers around the world. From all of us at the Macaulay Library and Cornell Lab of Ornithology, thank you for helping share the story of birds and wildlife, one upload at a time.